Birth Physiology
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چکیده
BASIC MAMMALIAN NEEDS Our current understanding of birth physiology is based on the adrenaline–oxytocin antagonism: when mammals release adrenaline they cannot release oxytocin. We use the word ‘adrenaline’ as a simplified way to refer to the ‘fight and flight system’. Such an antagonism has been understood for a long time and evaluated in relation to myometrial response (Zuspan 1962) and milk ejection response (Whittlestone 1954). The first data have been confirmed by clinical studies among humans (Lederman 1978). Today oxytocin is often presented as ‘the mirror image of adrenaline’. (Uvnas-Moberg 2003).
منابع مشابه
Developmental programming of a reduced nephron endowment: more than just a baby's birth weight.
The risk of developing many adult-onset diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and renal disease, is increased in low-birth-weight individuals. A potential underlying mechanism contributing to the onset of these diseases is the formation of a low nephron endowment during development. Evidence from the human, as well as many experimental animal models, has shown a strong association ...
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Birth is characterized by a surge in sympathetic outflow, heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and circulating catecholamines. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is an important central regulatory site of sympathetic activity, but its role in the regulation of sympathoexcitation at birth is unknown. To test the hypothesis that the PVN regulates sympathetic act...
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